Quiz-398-Section 3

Which of the following accurately describes the mandatory eye protection standard for IO procedures?

PPE requirements

Prescription eyeglasses are sufficient when no splash risk is anticipated

Full-seal safety goggles or a face shield are required for all IO procedures

Eye protection may be removed once the needle has been inserted and the stylet withdrawn

A face shield is required only during sternal IO insertion

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A paramedic establishes proximal humeral IO access in a hypovolemic adult patient. Marrow aspiration yields no return. What is the most appropriate interpretation of this finding?

confirmation methods

The needle is malpositioned and must be removed immediately

Aspiration failure is inconclusive, and the paramedic should proceed to the flush test

The absence of aspirate confirms the patient is too volume-depleted for IO access to function

The paramedic should reinsert the stylet and drill an additional 5 mm before reattempting

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Which EZ-IO needle set is designated for use in paediatric patients weighing 3 kg or less?

EZ-IO needle colour coding and patient selection

25 mm blue needle set

15 mm pink needle set

45 mm yellow needle set

25 mm green needle set

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What is the correct needle angulation for proximal humerus IO insertion using the EZ-IO system?

Proximal humerus insertion

90° perpendicular to the cortical surface

45° downward (inferior) from the perpendicular, aligned with the long axis of the humerus

10–15° cephalad along the long axis of the shaft

30° anterior from the perpendicular toward the glenohumeral joint

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During IO insertion, the paramedic feels no loss of resistance at any point during drilling. What is the most likely explanation and the appropriate next step?

Troubleshooting procedural failure

The needle has penetrated the far cortex; withdraw and reattempt at the same site

The needle tip is deflecting tangentially off the cortex; stop, reassess angulation, and reposition

The driver battery is depleted; replace the battery and continue drilling at the same depth

The medullary cavity has been reached but the "give" was too subtle to detect; proceed to flush

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During a fluid flush test following IO insertion, the paramedic observes visible swelling and firmness around the insertion site. What is the correct interpretation and action?

Fluid flush test interpretation

The needle is correctly placed; the swelling is expected with medullary infusion under pressure

The high resistance indicates lumen occlusion; administer a sharp flush impulse to clear debris

The findings are diagnostic of extravasation; remove the needle immediately

The findings suggest partial cortical engagement; advance the needle an additional 5 mm

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Which of the following is the correct technique for stabilising the limb during pediatric IO needle insertion?

Limb stabilization during pediatric IO insertion

Grip directly over the insertion zone to maximise cortical contact

Place the stabilising hand posterior to the insertion site to absorb drill penetration force

Cradle the joint above the site with the thumb and index finger while stabilising the distal shaft

Have an assistant hold the limb in mid-air to allow 360-degree access

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